Membrane-Bound Organelles:
* Nucleus: Contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and is enclosed by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.
* Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, responsible for cellular respiration and ATP production.
* Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): A network of interconnected membranes involved in protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and detoxification.
* Golgi Apparatus: Processes and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or transport within the cell.
* Lysosomes: Contain enzymes for breaking down cellular waste, damaged organelles, and ingested materials.
* Peroxisomes: Involved in detoxification and lipid metabolism.
Other Features:
* Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance that fills the cell and houses the organelles.
* Cytoskeleton: A network of protein fibers that provides structural support, allows for cell movement, and helps transport organelles.
* Ribosomes: Responsible for protein synthesis.
* Plasma Membrane: A selectively permeable membrane that encloses the cell and regulates what enters and exits.
Exceptions:
* Red blood cells in mammals lack a nucleus and other organelles to make room for hemoglobin.
* Some protists lack mitochondria or have unique modified mitochondria.
It's important to note that while these features are shared by all eukaryotic cells, there are variations in their structure and function depending on the specific type of cell and organism.
