The specialized parts of eukaryotes that perform specific functions are called organelles.

Here's why:

* Organelles are like tiny organs within a cell, each with its own specific job.

* They are membrane-bound structures (except for ribosomes) that compartmentalize the cell and allow for more efficient and organized processes.

* Examples of organelles include the nucleus (containing DNA), mitochondria (powering the cell), Golgi apparatus (processing and packaging proteins), endoplasmic reticulum (synthesizing and transporting molecules), and lysosomes (breaking down waste).

Let me know if you'd like to explore any specific organelles in more detail!