1. Transcription:
* DNA is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.
* This occurs in the nucleus of the cell.
* The mRNA molecule carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosomes.
2. Translation:
* The mRNA molecule is read by ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
* Ribosomes use the mRNA code to assemble amino acids into a specific sequence, forming a protein.
* This process involves transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules which bring specific amino acids to the ribosomes.
Therefore, DNA does not transform into a protein. DNA is the template from which mRNA is transcribed, and mRNA is then translated into a protein.