* Interphase is the period of growth and preparation for cell division. It is further divided into three sub-phases:

* G1 phase: Cell growth and normal metabolic processes occur.

* S phase: DNA replication takes place.

* G2 phase: The cell prepares for mitosis.

* M phase is the period of cell division, where the duplicated chromosomes are separated and distributed into two daughter cells. It is further divided into two stages:

* Mitosis: The process of nuclear division.

* Cytokinesis: The process of cytoplasmic division, resulting in two separate cells.