Here's how it works:
1. Replication of DNA: The single circular chromosome of the bacterium or archaeon replicates, producing two identical copies.
2. Cell Growth: The cell elongates and the replicated chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell.
3. Cell Division: The cell membrane pinches inward, eventually dividing the cell into two identical daughter cells, each with a complete copy of the original chromosome.
Important Note: While binary fission is the primary mode of reproduction, some bacteria and archaea can also reproduce through other mechanisms like budding, fragmentation, or the formation of spores.
