1. Phospholipid bilayer: This is the structural foundation of the membrane. It consists of two layers of phospholipid molecules, each with a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and a hydrophobic (water-fearing) tail. The hydrophilic heads face the watery environments inside and outside the cell, while the hydrophobic tails form a barrier in the middle.

2. Membrane proteins: These proteins are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer and serve a variety of functions, including:

* Transport: Moving substances across the membrane.

* Receptors: Binding to signaling molecules.

* Enzymes: Catalyzing chemical reactions.

* Anchors: Providing structural support and attaching to other cells or structures.

While these are the two main components, the cell membrane also contains other molecules like cholesterol, which helps maintain its fluidity and structure.