The methods used to produce new forms of DNA are collectively called genetic engineering or gene editing.

Here's a breakdown of why:

* Genetic engineering: This broad term encompasses any technique that manipulates the genetic makeup of an organism. It includes methods like:

* Recombinant DNA technology: This involves isolating and combining DNA from different sources to create a new DNA sequence.

* Gene cloning: This involves making multiple copies of a specific gene.

* Transgenesis: This involves introducing foreign genes into an organism's genome.

* Gene editing: This refers to techniques that specifically target and modify existing DNA sequences within an organism's genome. Some popular gene editing tools include:

* CRISPR-Cas9: This is a powerful and precise system that allows for targeted gene editing.

* TALENs: These are engineered proteins that can specifically bind to and cleave DNA at a targeted site.

* ZFNs: Similar to TALENs, these are protein-based tools for targeted gene editing.

So, while genetic engineering is the broader term, gene editing focuses on the specific act of altering existing DNA sequences. Both categories involve the production of new forms of DNA, but through different approaches.