While microscopes had been invented earlier, Leeuwenhoek's own crafted microscopes were far more powerful, allowing him to see details never before observed. He was the first to describe bacteria, protozoa, yeast, and red blood cells, among many other microscopic organisms.
His detailed descriptions and observations, documented in numerous letters to the Royal Society of London, revolutionized our understanding of the microscopic world and contributed significantly to the development of microbiology.