1. Deoxyribose sugar: This five-carbon sugar forms the backbone of the DNA molecule.

2. Phosphate group: This negatively charged group attaches to the deoxyribose sugar, forming the sugar-phosphate backbone.

3. Nitrogenous bases: These are the information-carrying molecules that attach to the deoxyribose sugar. There are four types:

* Adenine (A): Pairs with thymine (T)

* Guanine (G): Pairs with cytosine (C)

* Thymine (T): Pairs with adenine (A)

* Cytosine (C): Pairs with guanine (G)

These four molecules, combined in specific sequences, make up the entire DNA molecule.

Key points about DNA:

* Structure: DNA exists as a double helix, with two strands running antiparallel to each other.

* Function: DNA carries genetic information, encoding the instructions for building and maintaining an organism.

* Replication: DNA replicates itself during cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete copy of the genetic information.

* Transcription: The information in DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then used to synthesize proteins.