Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the classification, naming, and identification of organisms. Linnaeus developed a hierarchical system for classifying organisms, which is still used today, though with some modifications. This system is based on shared characteristics and is organized into a series of nested groups, from broad categories like kingdoms down to species.

Linnaeus's work was groundbreaking and laid the foundation for the modern field of taxonomy. He is also credited with introducing binomial nomenclature, the system of giving each species a two-part scientific name, such as *Homo sapiens* for humans.