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  • DNA Rungs: Understanding the Building Blocks of Genetic Information
    The rungs of the DNA ladder are made up of nitrogenous bases, specifically adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

    * Adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T) through two hydrogen bonds.

    * Guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C) through three hydrogen bonds.

    These base pairs form the rungs of the DNA ladder, and the order of these bases along the DNA molecule determines the genetic information it carries.

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