There is no single scientific name for "gnats" because it's a common name for a variety of small, flying insects.

Here are some examples of insects commonly called "gnats" and their scientific names:

* Fungus Gnats: *Sciaridae*

* Midges: *Chironomidae*

* Black Flies: *Simuliidae*

* Fruit Flies: *Drosophila melanogaster* (most common species)

* Moth Flies: *Psychodidae*

* Sand Flies: *Phlebotomine sand flies*

* No-see-ums: *Ceratopogonidae*

To be more specific, it's helpful to describe the type of gnat you are interested in (e.g., "small black gnats that bite" or "tiny gnats around my plants").