Here's a breakdown:
* mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
* Ribosomes are the protein synthesis machinery of the cell.
* tRNA (transfer RNA) acts as an intermediary, carrying specific amino acids to the ribosome based on the codons (three-base sequences) on the mRNA.
* Translation is the process where the ribosome "reads" the mRNA codons, and tRNA molecules deliver the corresponding amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. This chain will eventually fold into a functional protein.
