* Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides (simple sugars) like glucose, fructose, and galactose. These can link together to form disaccharides (like sucrose) and polysaccharides (like starch and cellulose).
* Lipids (Fats and Oils): Fatty acids and glycerol. Fatty acids are long chains of hydrocarbons, and glycerol is a three-carbon alcohol. They combine to form triglycerides.
* Proteins: Amino acids. There are 20 different amino acids, and they link together in long chains to form proteins.
* Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA): Nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are five different nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). DNA uses A, G, C, and T, while RNA uses A, G, C, and U.
Let me know if you'd like more detail on any of these!
