1. Plasma membrane: This is a phospholipid bilayer that encloses the cell and regulates the passage of molecules in and out.

2. Cytoplasm: This is the gel-like substance that fills the cell and contains the cell's internal components.

3. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): This is the genetic material of the cell and contains the instructions for building and maintaining the organism. Prokaryotic DNA is typically circular and located in a region called the nucleoid, which is not membrane-bound.

4. Ribosomes: These are small organelles that are responsible for protein synthesis.

Let me know if you'd like to know more about any of these components!