Here's a breakdown:
* Mitosis: The process of nuclear division, where the duplicated chromosomes are separated into two identical daughter nuclei.
* Cytokinesis: The division of the cytoplasm to form two daughter cells.
How the cell plate forms:
1. Vesicles from the Golgi apparatus: During late anaphase or telophase of mitosis, small membrane-bound vesicles containing cell wall material (cellulose, pectin, etc.) migrate to the center of the dividing cell.
2. Fusion of vesicles: These vesicles fuse together at the center of the cell, forming a flattened, disc-like structure called the cell plate.
3. Expansion and connection: The cell plate grows outwards, gradually fusing with the existing cell walls of the parent cell.
4. Formation of new cell wall: As the cell plate expands, it becomes the middle lamella, a layer of pectin that glues together the new cell walls of the daughter cells.
5. Complete separation: Eventually, the cell plate completely divides the parent cell into two daughter cells, each with its own nucleus and cell wall.
In summary, the cell plate forms during cytokinesis in plant cells as a result of the fusion of Golgi-derived vesicles, and it ultimately develops into the new cell wall that separates the daughter cells.
