1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): This is the genetic material found in most living organisms. It is a double-stranded polynucleotide made up of nucleotides containing deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

2. Ribonucleic acid (RNA): This is a single-stranded polynucleotide involved in protein synthesis. It is made up of nucleotides containing ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and uracil (U).

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