* Chromosomes: These are the structures that carry genetic information and are duplicated and then divided equally between daughter cells during mitosis.
* Centrioles: These are small, cylindrical structures found in animal cells. While plant cells do not have centrioles, they have structures called microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) that function similarly. Both centrioles and MTOCs are involved in the formation of the spindle fibers.
* Spindle Fibers: These are microtubules that attach to chromosomes and pull them apart to opposite poles of the cell.
* Centromere: This is the constricted region on a chromosome where the sister chromatids are attached.
* Kinetochore: This is a protein structure that forms on the centromere and serves as the attachment point for spindle fibers.
* Nuclear Envelope: This membrane surrounds the nucleus and breaks down during prophase, reforming around the daughter nuclei during telophase.
* Nucleolus: This is a dense region within the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled. It disappears during prophase and reforms during telophase.
Key Differences:
* Cell Plate Formation: Plant cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis, which eventually becomes the new cell wall. Animal cells lack a cell wall and undergo cytokinesis by forming a cleavage furrow.
* Centrioles: Animal cells have centrioles, while plant cells do not.
While there are some differences in the details of mitosis between plant and animal cells, the core structures and processes involved are largely similar.
