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  • Shared Characteristics of Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants
    Here's what is true of both nonvascular plants and seedless vascular plants:

    * They both require water for reproduction. This is because their sperm needs to swim to the egg.

    * They both reproduce using spores. Spores are single-celled reproductive units that are dispersed by wind or water.

    * They both lack seeds. They do not have seeds, which are specialized structures that contain an embryo and food supply.

    Key Differences:

    * Vascular tissue: Nonvascular plants lack specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients (xylem and phloem), while seedless vascular plants have them.

    * Height: Nonvascular plants are generally small and low-growing, while seedless vascular plants can grow taller due to their vascular tissue.

    * Habitat: Nonvascular plants are typically found in moist environments, while seedless vascular plants can tolerate drier conditions.

    Examples:

    * Nonvascular plants: Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

    * Seedless vascular plants: Ferns, horsetails, club mosses

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