* DNA resides within the nucleus, organized into structures called chromosomes.
* Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes.
* Transcription is the process where DNA is copied into RNA.
* RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for transcription. It binds to specific regions of DNA called promoters, unwinds the DNA, and uses one strand as a template to create a complementary RNA molecule.
This RNA molecule, called messenger RNA (mRNA), then travels out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it's used to make proteins.