Prokaryotic cells divide through a process called binary fission. This is a simpler and faster process than the mitosis used by eukaryotic cells. Here's a breakdown:

Steps of Binary Fission:

1. DNA Replication: The single, circular chromosome of the prokaryote replicates. The two copies of the chromosome attach to opposite sides of the cell membrane.

2. Cell Elongation: The cell begins to elongate, increasing the distance between the two chromosomes.

3. Formation of a Septum: A new cell wall and cell membrane begin to grow inward, creating a septum that divides the cell into two compartments.

4. Cell Separation: The septum completely forms, dividing the original cell into two identical daughter cells, each with a complete copy of the DNA.

Key Differences from Mitosis:

* No nucleus: Prokaryotes lack a nucleus, so there's no nuclear envelope to break down or rebuild.

* Single chromosome: Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome, whereas eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes.

* Simpler process: Binary fission is a simpler and faster process than mitosis.

Additional Notes:

* The time it takes for binary fission to occur can vary depending on the species and environmental conditions.

* Some prokaryotes can also reproduce asexually through budding, where a smaller daughter cell forms from an outgrowth of the parent cell.

Overall, binary fission is an efficient and rapid process for prokaryotic cells to reproduce and increase their numbers.