The cell responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body is the neuron, also known as a nerve cell.

Here's why:

* Specialized for Communication: Neurons are uniquely structured to receive, process, and transmit information in the form of electrical and chemical signals.

* Synaptic Transmission: They communicate with each other and other cells through specialized junctions called synapses, where chemical messengers called neurotransmitters are released.

* Nervous System Foundation: Neurons form the basis of the nervous system, which controls all bodily functions, from movement and sensation to thought and emotion.

While other cells like muscle cells and gland cells can also receive and respond to signals, their primary function is not communication like the neuron's.