Adenine (A)
* Structure: A double-ringed purine base.
* Pairing: Pairs with Thymine (T) through two hydrogen bonds.
Guanine (G)
* Structure: A double-ringed purine base.
* Pairing: Pairs with Cytosine (C) through three hydrogen bonds.
Cytosine (C)
* Structure: A single-ringed pyrimidine base.
* Pairing: Pairs with Guanine (G) through three hydrogen bonds.
Thymine (T)
* Structure: A single-ringed pyrimidine base.
* Pairing: Pairs with Adenine (A) through two hydrogen bonds.
Key points about the bases:
* The bases are attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone, forming the structure of the DNA molecule.
* The specific pairing of the bases (A with T and G with C) is known as complementary base pairing, and it's crucial for DNA replication and protein synthesis.
* The order of these bases along a DNA strand determines the genetic code, which contains instructions for building and maintaining an organism.
Mnemonic for remembering the pairings:
* Always Think of Good Companions
* Apple Tree
* Green Car
