The acts that act like identification tags in the glycocalyx that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells are glycoproteins and glycolipids.

Here's a breakdown:

* Glycocalyx: This is a sugar coating that surrounds the outer surface of all animal cells. It's made up of carbohydrates attached to lipids (glycolipids) and proteins (glycoproteins) that extend from the cell membrane.

* Glycoproteins and Glycolipids: These molecules have unique carbohydrate chains that act as "identification tags." These chains are highly specific to each individual and even differ between cell types within the same individual.

* Immune Recognition: The immune system has specialized cells (like macrophages and lymphocytes) that can recognize these carbohydrate chains. If a cell displays a carbohydrate chain that is foreign or abnormal (like those found on bacteria, viruses, or cancerous cells), the immune system will mount an immune response to destroy or neutralize it.

Here's how this works:

1. Recognition: Immune cells have receptors that can bind to specific carbohydrate chains on the glycocalyx.

2. Activation: When a foreign or abnormal carbohydrate chain is detected, the immune cell becomes activated.

3. Immune Response: The activated immune cell triggers various immune responses to eliminate the threat, such as antibody production or direct cell killing.

In short, the glycocalyx, specifically the glycoproteins and glycolipids with their unique carbohydrate chains, act as the "identification tags" that help the body distinguish self from non-self and defend against invaders and diseased cells.