More formal terms:
* Locus: This refers to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome.
* Genetic marker: This term is used when a gene is being used to track inheritance patterns.
* Genetic element: This term is broader and encompasses various DNA sequences, including genes.
More informal terms:
* Trait: This refers to the observable characteristic influenced by a gene.
* Factor: This is a general term used to describe any influence on a trait.
The best term to use will depend on the specific context and what you are trying to communicate.