Here's a breakdown:
* DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): The molecule that contains the genetic instructions for an organism.
* RNA (ribonucleic acid): A molecule that acts as a messenger, carrying the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are made.
* Transcription: The process where the DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence.
During transcription:
1. An enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at a specific region called a promoter.
2. RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix and uses one strand as a template to create a new RNA molecule.
3. This new RNA molecule is called messenger RNA (mRNA).
4. The mRNA molecule then detaches from the DNA and moves out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
The information contained in the mRNA is then used to create proteins in a process called translation.
