Here's the breakdown:

* Codons: Three-nucleotide sequences on mRNA that specify which amino acid should be added to a growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.

* Anticodons: Three-nucleotide sequences on tRNA molecules that are complementary to the codons on mRNA. They bind to the codons, ensuring the correct amino acid is delivered to the ribosome.

How they work:

1. mRNA: The genetic code is transcribed from DNA into mRNA.

2. tRNA: Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon that matches a particular codon on the mRNA.

3. Translation: The ribosome moves along the mRNA, reading each codon.

4. Matching: The tRNA with the complementary anticodon binds to the codon, bringing the correct amino acid to the ribosome.

5. Chain elongation: The amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain, and the process continues until a stop codon is reached.

Important points:

* The relationship between codons and anticodons follows the standard base pairing rules: A with U, G with C.

* There are 64 possible codons, but only about 40 different tRNAs in most organisms. This is because some tRNAs can recognize more than one codon (wobble pairing).

* Anticodons are located on the anticodon loop of a tRNA molecule.

Let me know if you have any other questions!