If you're focusing on the scale:
* Microhabitat: This refers to a very small, localized habitat within a larger biome.
* Niche: This refers to the specific role an organism plays within an ecosystem.
If you're focusing on the diversity of life:
* Monoculture: This refers to a single species of plant being grown over a large area.
* Sterile environment: This refers to an environment devoid of life.
If you're focusing on the natural vs. artificial:
* Artificial environment: This refers to an environment created by humans, like a city or a farm.
Ultimately, the best antonym for "biome" will depend on the specific situation.