The process of making a copy of DNA for the purpose of protein synthesis is called transcription. Here's a breakdown:

* DNA: The genetic blueprint, containing the instructions for building proteins.

* Transcription: The process of converting the DNA code into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This mRNA molecule is a copy of the DNA sequence that carries the instructions to the protein synthesis machinery.

* mRNA: The messenger molecule that carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosomes.

* Ribosomes: Cellular organelles where protein synthesis takes place.

Here's how the process works:

1. Unwinding of DNA: The DNA double helix unwinds at the gene location where the protein needs to be synthesized.

2. Transcription by RNA polymerase: An enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to the DNA and uses it as a template to build a complementary mRNA molecule.

3. mRNA processing: After transcription, the mRNA molecule undergoes modifications to make it stable and ready for translation.

4. Translation: The mRNA molecule moves out of the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes read the mRNA code and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, which folds into a functional protein.

In summary: Transcription is the first step in protein synthesis, creating a copy of the DNA sequence that carries the instructions for building a specific protein.