Here's how it works:

1. DNA Replication: The single circular chromosome of the bacterium replicates, producing two identical copies.

2. Cell Growth: The cell elongates and the two copies of DNA move to opposite ends of the cell.

3. Cell Division: The cell membrane and cell wall pinch inward, eventually dividing the cell into two identical daughter cells.

This process is relatively quick and allows bacteria to multiply rapidly under favorable conditions.