However, this term is quite broad and can encompass many different specialties. Here are some examples:

* Physician-scientists: These are doctors who also conduct medical research. They often work in academic settings and are involved in clinical trials and developing new treatments.

* Pharmacologists: They study the effects of drugs on the body and how they can be used to treat diseases.

* Toxicologists: They study the harmful effects of chemicals and toxins on the body.

* Microbiologists: They study microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, and their role in disease.

* Immunologists: They study the immune system and how it protects the body from disease.

* Biochemists: They study the chemical processes that occur in living organisms, including those related to disease.

* Geneticists: They study genes and their role in disease.

* Epidemiologists: They study the distribution and causes of diseases in populations.

The specific area of focus within medical science will determine the scientist's specific title and the type of research they conduct.