1. Biotic factors: These are the living components of the ecosystem, including the types of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other organisms present. The interactions between these organisms, such as competition, predation, and symbiosis, are also crucial.
2. Abiotic factors: These are the non-living components of the ecosystem, such as climate (temperature, rainfall, sunlight), soil type, water availability, and topography. These factors influence the types of organisms that can survive and thrive in the ecosystem.
By understanding the interplay between biotic and abiotic factors, biologists can accurately classify and define an ecosystem.
