Simple Inheritance Patterns:

* Autosomal Dominant: A single copy of the altered gene is enough to cause the condition. Examples: Huntington's disease, Marfan syndrome.

* Autosomal Recessive: Two copies of the altered gene are needed for the condition to manifest. Examples: Cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia.

* X-linked Dominant: A single copy of the altered gene on the X chromosome causes the condition in females. Males with a single copy will also be affected. Examples: Fragile X syndrome, Rett syndrome.

* X-linked Recessive: Males need only one copy of the altered gene on the X chromosome to be affected. Females need two copies to be affected. Examples: Hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

* Y-linked: The altered gene is on the Y chromosome, so only males can be affected. Example: Y-linked infertility.

More Complex Patterns:

* Mitochondrial Inheritance: Genes are passed down from the mother. Examples: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, mitochondrial myopathy.

* Codominance: Both alleles for a gene are expressed. Example: Blood type AB.

* Incomplete Dominance: Neither allele is completely dominant, resulting in a blended phenotype. Example: Pink flowers in snapdragons from red and white parents.

* Polygenic Inheritance: Multiple genes contribute to a single trait. Example: Height, skin color.

* Multifactorial Inheritance: Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of a trait or disease. Example: Heart disease, diabetes.

Other Important Considerations:

* Penetrance: The percentage of individuals with a particular genotype who exhibit the phenotype.

* Expressivity: The degree to which a trait is expressed in individuals with the same genotype.

These are just some of the main genetic inheritance patterns. It's important to note that the actual patterns of inheritance can be very complex and influenced by many factors.