1. Chloroplasts: These are the organelles where photosynthesis takes place. They contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that absorbs light energy.

2. Thylakoid membranes: These are membrane-bound compartments within chloroplasts. They contain chlorophyll and other pigments that are crucial for capturing light energy.

3. Stroma: The fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoids in chloroplasts. It contains enzymes that are necessary for the Calvin cycle, the second stage of photosynthesis where sugar is produced.