1. Carbohydrates: These are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They provide energy for the body and can be used for structural support. Examples include sugars, starches, and cellulose.
2. Lipids (Fats and Oils): These are also made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but with a higher proportion of hydrogen. They store energy, provide insulation, and form cell membranes. Examples include butter, vegetable oil, and cholesterol.
3. Proteins: These are made up of amino acids, which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. They perform a wide variety of functions, including building and repairing tissues, transporting substances, and catalyzing chemical reactions. Examples include enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fibers.
4. Nucleic Acids: These are made up of nucleotides, which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. They store and transmit genetic information. Examples include DNA and RNA.
