Here's a breakdown:
* Gene: A segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.
* Allele: An alternative form of a gene.
* Heterozygous: Having two different alleles for a particular gene.
For example, if a gene for eye color has two alleles, one for blue eyes (B) and one for brown eyes (b), a person with one B allele and one b allele would be heterozygous for eye color.