1. Prophase:
- Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes.
- The nuclear envelope breaks down.
- The mitotic spindle forms from microtubules.
2. Metaphase:
- Chromosomes line up at the center of the cell, called the metaphase plate.
- Microtubules from opposite poles of the cell attach to the centromeres of each chromosome.
3. Anaphase:
- Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
- This is driven by the shortening of the microtubules.
4. Telophase:
- Chromosomes reach the poles of the cell and start to uncoil.
- The nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes.
- The mitotic spindle disappears.
- Cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, begins.
Remember that cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, occurs concurrently with telophase, effectively marking the end of mitosis.