Yes, "The bird has brown spots on its wings" is an example of an inference. Here's why:

* Observation: You might have seen a bird with brown spots on its wings.

* Inference: You then drew a conclusion about the bird based on your observation. You inferred that the bird *has* brown spots, even though you might not have seen all of its wings.

Inferences are conclusions drawn from evidence or observations. They are not directly observed, but rather are logical deductions based on what we see or know.