The characteristic of plant cells that provides support, separates, and surrounds the cell is the cell wall.

Here's why:

* Support: The cell wall is a rigid structure made primarily of cellulose, which gives the plant cell its shape and provides structural support, allowing plants to stand upright and grow tall.

* Separation: The cell wall acts as a barrier between adjacent cells, helping to maintain the organization of plant tissues.

* Surrounds: The cell wall completely encloses the plant cell, providing an external layer that protects the delicate cell membrane and internal structures.

While other cell components like the vacuole (contributes to turgor pressure and support) and the cytoskeleton (provides internal support) play roles in maintaining cell shape and structure, the cell wall is the primary factor responsible for providing support, separation, and surrounding the cell.