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  • Restriction Enzymes: Understanding Endonucleases and Their Role in DNA Cleavage
    Restriction enzymes are called endonucleases because of their specific function in DNA cleavage.

    Here's a breakdown:

    * Endonucleases: These are enzymes that cleave phosphodiester bonds within a polynucleotide chain (like DNA or RNA). They work "inside" the molecule, unlike exonucleases which work at the ends.

    * Restriction Enzymes: These are a specific type of endonuclease that recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences known as restriction sites.

    Therefore, since restriction enzymes are a specialized group of endonucleases that cleave DNA internally, they are correctly referred to as endonucleases.

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