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  • Fungi: Not Animals – Understanding Their Unique Kingdom
    Fungi are neither vertebrates nor invertebrates.

    Here's why:

    * Vertebrates are animals with a backbone (spinal column).

    * Invertebrates are animals without a backbone.

    Fungi are a separate kingdom of life entirely, distinct from the animal kingdom. They have their own unique characteristics, including:

    * Heterotrophic: They get their food by absorbing nutrients from their environment.

    * Multicellular (except for yeasts): They are made up of many cells.

    * Chitin cell walls: Their cell walls are made of chitin, a tough, fibrous substance.

    * Spore reproduction: They reproduce using spores.

    So, while fungi are often found in the same environments as animals, they are not classified as either vertebrates or invertebrates.

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