Here's a breakdown:
* Allergy: An abnormal immune response to a substance that is normally harmless.
* Allergens: The substances that trigger the allergic reaction. Common examples include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, certain foods (like peanuts, shellfish, dairy), and medications.
* Immune system: The body's defense system that normally protects against harmful invaders like bacteria and viruses. In allergies, the immune system mistakenly identifies the allergen as a threat and overreacts, causing a range of symptoms.
Symptoms of allergies can vary widely and include:
* Skin reactions: Hives, itching, eczema, swelling
* Respiratory problems: Sneezing, runny nose, coughing, wheezing, asthma
* Digestive issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps
* Systemic reactions: Anaphylaxis (a life-threatening allergic reaction)
If you suspect you or someone you know has an allergy, it's important to consult a doctor or allergist for diagnosis and management.
