Here's a breakdown:
* Alleles: Different versions of the same gene.
* Dominant Allele: An allele that expresses its trait even when paired with a recessive allele.
* Recessive Allele: An allele that only expresses its trait when paired with another recessive allele.
For example, consider brown eyes (B) and blue eyes (b). Brown eyes are dominant, so someone with the genotype BB or Bb will have brown eyes. Someone with the genotype bb will have blue eyes, as both alleles are recessive.