Nonpolar (Hydrophobic)
* Alanine (Ala, A)
* Valine (Val, V)
* Leucine (Leu, L)
* Isoleucine (Ile, I)
* Proline (Pro, P)
* Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
* Tryptophan (Trp, W)
* Methionine (Met, M)
* Glycine (Gly, G)
Polar (Hydrophilic)
* Serine (Ser, S)
* Threonine (Thr, T)
* Cysteine (Cys, C)
* Tyrosine (Tyr, Y)
* Asparagine (Asn, N)
* Glutamine (Gln, Q)
Acidic (Negatively Charged)
* Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
* Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
Basic (Positively Charged)
* Lysine (Lys, K)
* Arginine (Arg, R)
* Histidine (His, H)
These amino acids all have a common structure: a central carbon atom (the alpha carbon) bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), a hydrogen atom (H), and a side chain (R group). The R group is what makes each amino acid unique and determines its properties.
It's also important to note that:
* There are many non-standard amino acids that can be found in proteins, but they are less common than the standard 20.
* The amino acids are arranged in a specific sequence in a protein, which determines its three-dimensional structure and function.
I hope this helps!
