1. Prophase:
- The chromosomes condense and become visible.
- The nuclear envelope breaks down.
- The spindle fibers begin to form from the centrosomes, which move to opposite poles of the cell.
2. Metaphase:
- The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate, which is an imaginary line in the center of the cell.
- The spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of each chromosome.
3. Anaphase:
- The sister chromatids of each chromosome separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell.
- The cell elongates as the poles move further apart.
4. Telophase:
- The chromosomes reach the poles of the cell and begin to decondense.
- The nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes.
- The spindle fibers disappear.
- Cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm) begins.
It's important to note that cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm, overlaps with telophase and is considered a separate process, though often grouped with mitosis.