1. Amylase:
- This enzyme is responsible for the initial breakdown of starch molecules into smaller polysaccharides and disaccharides.
- There are two main types of amylase:
- Salivary Amylase: Found in saliva, begins the digestion of starches in the mouth.
- Pancreatic Amylase: Secreted by the pancreas, continues the digestion of starches in the small intestine.
2. Other Enzymes:
- Dextrinases: These enzymes break down dextrins (smaller starch fragments) into even smaller units.
- Disaccharidases: Enzymes like maltase and sucrase further break down the disaccharides (like maltose) into simple sugars like glucose.
Overall Process:
1. Mouth: Salivary amylase begins the process of breaking down starches into smaller units.
2. Stomach: The acidic environment in the stomach inactivates salivary amylase.
3. Small Intestine: Pancreatic amylase secreted from the pancreas further breaks down the remaining starch into smaller molecules.
4. Small Intestine: Dextrinases and disaccharidases complete the breakdown of the starch fragments into glucose, which can be absorbed into the bloodstream.
Note: The breakdown of starch is a complex process involving a series of enzymatic reactions.
