Here's a breakdown:
Camellia sinensis:
* Black tea: Fully oxidized leaves.
* Green tea: Minimally oxidized leaves.
* White tea: Buds and young leaves with little to no oxidation.
* Oolong tea: Partially oxidized leaves, offering a range of flavors and oxidations.
* Pu-erh tea: Fermented and aged black tea from China.
Other tea plants:
* Rooibos: A South African plant that produces a naturally sweet, caffeine-free tea.
* Hibiscus: Flowers used to make a tart, red tea.
* Yerba mate: South American plant that produces a stimulating, caffeinated tea.
* Honeybush: South African plant that produces a sweet, caffeine-free tea.
* Matcha: A finely ground green tea powder from Japan.
So, while Camellia sinensis is the most common source for many popular teas, there's a diverse world of tea plants out there waiting to be explored!