Here's a breakdown:

* Divergent Evolution: When two or more species sharing a common ancestor evolve in different directions, becoming more dissimilar over time. This is driven by different environmental pressures and selective forces acting on each population.

Example: The finches on the Galapagos Islands are a classic example of divergent evolution. They all share a common ancestor, but their beaks have evolved in different ways to best exploit the available food sources on each island.

Let me know if you'd like more examples or want to delve deeper into the mechanisms of divergent evolution!