1. Skin: The skin can become thin and fragile, and easily bruise. Darkening of the skin, especially in areas that are exposed to sunlight, is also common.
2. Blood Vessels: High levels of cortisol can lead to high blood pressure (hypertension) and an increased risk of stroke and heart attack.
3. Heart: Adrenal disease can weaken the heart muscle and lead to heart failure.
4. Kidneys: Adrenocortical disease can cause the kidneys to retain sodium and water, leading to fluid retention and edema (swelling).
5. Liver: The liver may become enlarged and fatty. Increased levels of cortisol also increase the production of glucose in the liver, leading to hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus.
6. Bones: Adrenal disease can lead to osteoporosis, a condition in which the bones become weak and brittle.
7. Adrenal Glands: The adrenal glands themselves may become enlarged or develop tumors, leading to Cushing's syndrome or Addison's disease.