Rubella, also known as German measles or 3-day measles, is a mild, contagious viral infection that is characterized by a rash, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. It is caused by the rubella virus, which is a member of the togaviridae family of viruses. Rubella is spread through contact with respiratory droplets from an infected person, such as through coughing or sneezing. The virus can also be transmitted from an infected pregnant woman to her fetus.

Rubella is usually a mild disease in children and adults, with symptoms that typically last for 2-3 days. Symptoms may include:

* A rash that starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body

* Fever

* Headache

* Fatigue

* Swollen lymph nodes

* Sore throat

* Cough

Rubella is more serious in pregnant women, as it can cause congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in the fetus. CRS can cause a variety of birth defects, including heart defects, eye defects, hearing loss, and mental disabilities.

There is a vaccine available to prevent rubella. The rubella vaccine is usually given as part of the MMR vaccine, which also protects against measles and mumps. The MMR vaccine is safe and effective, and it is recommended for all children and adults.

If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it is important to talk to your doctor about getting vaccinated against rubella.